A theory of а рarametric receiving antenna is presented first for a quasiplane axisymmetric beam of the reference wave in a medium with losses and then with diffraction of this beam taken into account. The directional chacteristics are obtained, and an analysis of the axial distribution of the parametric signal is performed. Losses lead to "smoothing" of the load structure. Taking account of the characteristic isotropic background noise, the optimal size for the base of the receiving antenna is found; it is larger than the distance at which the amplitude of the parametric signal is a maximum.
Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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