We present the main equations of the unified five-dimensional theory of gravitation, electromagnetism and scalar field. We discussed one of the consequences of the theory, namely the dependence of the ratio of the electric charge to the mass of a probe particle, on the value of the fundamental scalar field in a given point. This last quantity is determined by the solution of the system of Einstein, Maxwell and Klein -Рок equations. In particular, this field changes in the sun-Earth system for an observer on the earth, as a result of the ellopticity of the Earth's orbit. We obtained a formula which describes the change of e/m. We present data on the measurement of the Josephson frequency ω$_{J}$= 2e/h, which show a dependence on the time of year (the distance from the Earth to the sun), which makes it desirable to carry out direct experiments to test the stability of the ratio e/m.
Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia