Magnetic fractions recovered from various types of soils and deposits have been studied by the methods of Mossbauer spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental microanalysis. The main component of the magnetic fractions was magnetite. Based on the shape of a Mossbauer spectrum, width and intensity of spectral lines, magnetomineralogical characteristics of natural magnetite have been identified and the degree of vacancies in its structure has been computed ($v=0.03\div 0.14$). It is shown that this parameter of magnetite depends on the redox environment in the formation medium.
$^1$Yaroslavl State Technical University
$^2$Department of Physics of the Earth, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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