The possibility of observing and diagnosing parameters of nanoobjects in a substance by using coherent X-ray radiation arising from the direct interaction of accelerated electrons with the object of interest is discussed. It is analytically shown that analysis of the generated radiation allows the microstructural features of the nanoobject to be studied. To illustrate the main conclusions, coherent radiation generated by relativistic electron scattering on fullerene is considered.
$^1$Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia
$^2$Belgorod State University, ul. Studentcheskaja 14, Belgorod, 308007, Russia
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