The mass distribution of the $^{238}$U photofission fragments formed under γ-quanta action is analyzed in the range of excitation energies of a fissile nucleus from 5 to 20 MeV. The influence on the ratio of asymmetric and symmetric photofission of the $^{238}$U structure and excitation energy of a fissile nucleus is discussed. A combined analysis and the comparison of the behavior of the asymmetric and symmetric modes of photofission were conducted for the first time. The results we obtained are compared with the prediction of the multimode model of the dependence of fission modes on the nuclear excitation energy.
$^1$Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
$^2$Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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