Effect of submarine earthquakes on a stratified ocean
Effect of submarine earthquakes on a stratified ocean
M.A. Nosov
Temperature anomalies were discovered on the water surface above large submarine earthquakes in the Solomon Islands and Philippines regions. Physical mechanisms that generate these anomalies and possible accompanying phenomena are discussed.
Show AbstractEffect of surface pollutions on convective mixing in upper water layers
Effect of surface pollutions on convective mixing in upper water layers
N.S. Blokhina, A.E. Ordanovich
The influence of surface pollutions on the processes of convective m1x1ng in the upper water layer is studied for different weather conditions. The authors' mathematical model of Langmuir circulations (LC) is employed. It is shown that pollutions reduce the intensity of LC motions and may even suppress them, especially at high wind velocities. They also increase both the surface current velocities and the velocity difference between the convergence and divergence areas in the LCs.
Show AbstractMeasurements of nonequilibrium processes at the sea-atmosphere boundary: implications for ecological problems
Measurements of nonequilibrium processes at the sea-atmosphere boundary: implications for ecological problems
E.V. Karavaeva, Yu.Yu. Usbakova, V.A. Tverdislov, G.G. Khundzhua
Marine surveys were carried out in the Black Sea to investigate variations of the fractionation coefficients of sea-water macrocomponents in a sea-surface microlayer as a function of temperature gradients in a cold sea film and to evaluate daily pH variations in a surface microlayer and in subsurface water.
Show AbstractEffect of the cation composition of carbonates on their thermal properties
Effect of the cation composition of carbonates on their thermal properties
I.A. Il'in, G.I. Petrunin, V.G. Popov, V.M. Ladygin
A specific behavior of the heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity of isomorphic carbonates was studied experimentally under normal conditions. A new semiempirical formula was derived for the dependence of the heat conductivity of isomorphic minerals on a metallic ion mass-to-anion mass ratio. It was found that the heat conductivity and thermal diffusivity of carbonates decreased with the increasing of the values of their mean atomic weights (or metallic cation masses).
Show AbstractEcologo-geopbysical function of the lithosphere
Ecologo-geopbysical function of the lithosphere
V.A. Bogoslovskii$^1$, A.D. Zhigalin$^2$, D.G. Ziling$^1$, V.T. Trofimov$^1$, V.K. Khmelevskoi$^1$
The geophysical constituent of the ecologic function of the lithosphere is discussed with an emphasis of its great role in maintaining energy necessary for life on the Earth.
Show AbstractInformation technologies for predicting natural catastrophes, ecological calamities, and technogenic emergencies based on OKO global monitoring system
Information technologies for predicting natural catastrophes, ecological calamities, and technogenic emergencies based on OKO global monitoring system
A.I. Savin$^1$, V.N. Strakhov$^2$, S.M. Bolotov$^1$, V.G. Bondur$^1$, K.A. Vlasko-Vlasov$^1$, G.V. Givishvili$^3$, V.N. Malyutin$^1$, Yu.A. Pirogov$^4$
Radiophysical methods for monitoring heliogeophysical and seismic conditions are used for creating a real-time information support of high-reliability shortterm prediction of the location and time of very strong earthquakes, detection of high-power underground and atmospheric nuclear explosions, and prediction of short-wave radio signal propagation conditions determining the performance of communication and radar systems.
Show AbstractModeling of ionosphere's and protonosphere's influence on the accuracy of atmospheric parameters reconstruction by radio occultation technique
Modeling of ionosphere's and protonosphere's influence on the accuracy of atmospheric parameters reconstruction by radio occultation technique
V.I. Zakharov, V.E. Kunitsyn
Propagation media may significantly affect the accuracy of meteorological profiles produced in experiments with the GPS/GLONASS global satellite systems. Atmospheric structures may be "shaded" by ionospheric ones, and false perturbations may arise on the profiles. Nonuniform ionospheric structures, such as sporadic formations, may cause temperature profile errors of 1 K or greater at 10-35 km.
Show AbstractNonlinear fluorimetry as a diagnostic method for natural organic complexes
Nonlinear fluorimetry as a diagnostic method for natural organic complexes
V.V. Fadeev
This paper summarizes the results of research into fluorescence saturation of natural organic complexes. Problems are analyzed that have to be solved in order to make nonlinear fluorimetry (saturation fluorimetry) a fundamentally new method of spectroscopy enabling one to determine molecular photophysical parameters of composite organic compounds and complexes $\textit{in vivo}$ and $\textit{in situ}$. Two approaches are offered for solving inverse problems of saturation fluorimetry. The results of computer and actual experiments are presented that illustrate the possibilities of nonlinear laser fluorimetry in natural organic complexes diagnostics.
Show AbstractLuminescence of organic compounds-components of natural dissolved organic substance
Luminescence of organic compounds-components of natural dissolved organic substance
K.G. Evsyukhina, S.V. Patsaeva, V.I. Yuzhakov
The spectral-luminescent properties of compounds-chemical analogues of natural components of dissolved organic substance in fresh-water basins are reported. The compounds studied in aqueous solutions of various concentrations included aromatic amino acids tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan, hydroquinone, and gallic acid. The pH dependences of the absorption and luminescence spectra were determined.
Show AbstractPhysical foundations for radiometric monitoring of atmospheric minor gas components
Physical foundations for radiometric monitoring of atmospheric minor gas components
Sh.D. Kitai, A.P. Naumov, N.N. Osharina
Rotational spectrum data are presented for minor gas components which possess dipole moments. A set of components was established that can be diagnosed in the low and medium atmosphere by microwave radiometry techniques in observations from the Earth surface and from satellites, including limb sensing.
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