Cherenkov radiation generated by cosmic-ray particles in the upper atmosphere is theoretically investigated. The possibility of using this radiation to determine the chemical composition of the L-group cosmic rays with elemental resolution and to measure the flux of antiprotons, and also to search for antinuclei with energies of 0.4--4 TeV/nucleon is demonstrated. The applicability of the investigation method suggested to the individual measurements of the electron and positron energy spectra in the range from $\sim$40 GeV to $\sim$ TeV is analyzed. The starry-sky background is evaluated, and the requirements for the angular aperture of the experimental setup are determined.
Research Institute of Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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