Faculty of Physics
M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University
Theoretical and mathematical physics

## The relativistic theory of gravitation and new concepts about space and time

### A.A. Logunov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 1

The basic remaining difficulties in the general theory of relativity which lead to discarding the general "theory of relativity (GTR) are briefly summed up and the relativistic theory of gravitation (RTG) and its principles are briefly presented. The RTG does not have these difficulties and explains the sum of gravitational observational and experimental data, predicting new concepts about the development of the universe and gravitational collapse. The RTG is a further development of the ideas of Poincare, Minkowski, Einstein, and Gilbert. It strikes a blow against the dogmatism so deeply embedded in the GTR. Of course, much more time and effort are required to totally eliminate this dogmatism.

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## Stimulated generation of neutrinos by nucleons in a magnetic field

### Yu.M. Loskutov, V.V. Skobelev, I.F. Botsiev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 14

The full probabilities of $n \rightarrow n+\nu + \overline{\nu}$ and $p \rightarrow n + e^{+}+\nu_{e}$ processes in a magnetic field are calculated. The contribution of the $n \rightarrow n+\nu + \overline{\nu}$ process in generating neutrinos is estimated as compared with normal $\beta$-decay. In the case of $p \rightarrow n + e^{+}+\nu_{e}$ decay, the spins of the engendered neutrinos will be primarily oriented opposite the field. It is shown that in fields with an induction of $B<B_{0}\sim 3 \cdot 10^{17}$ G the decay of the resting proton is prohibited, while its lifetime is rapidly reduced with a rise in the field, which may noticeably impact on the $n-p$ balance of magnetic neutron stars.

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## Observations about the stationary theory of charged particle scattering

### Yu.V. Popov, T.V. Popova

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 18

The questions related to the substantive characteristics which differentiate the stationary scattering theory in Coulomb and short-range (nuclear) potential are examined. It is shown that the Coulomb wave function $\varphi_{c}(\mathbf{r}, \mathbf{p})$ cnnot be used in pure form to determine the amplitude of scattering without considering the boundary conditions. An integral representation is found for the amplitude of Coulomb scattering which coincides with the Rutherford amplitude at angles of $\theta \neq 0$.

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## Radiation of fixed sources of electrical fields in media with instantaneously changing anisotropy

### V.V. Kolesov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 24

The full energy of radiation of fixed distribution of electrical charges with instantaneous change in the properties of a two-axis crystal is calculated using representation of the tensor of dielectric permittivity of a medium in a covariant form (not a function of the selection of the coordinate system). The optical characteristics of the radiated waves are found in a linear approximation in terms of the small parameter - the degree of anisotropy of the medium, and an expression for the radiation energy in the case when only the degree of anisotropy of the medium is changed is analyzed.

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## Multidimensional combination of a model of electromagnetic and weak Weinberg-Salam interactions with gravitation: a bosonic sector

### V.V. Kislov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 29

It is shown within Kaluza-Klein type theories that combination of gravitation and a model of electrically weak Weinberg-Salam interactions is possible even with a six-dimensional Riemann geometry. A new mechanism is proposed for introducing non-Abelian calibrating fields in Kaluza-Klein type theories. It is shown that after dimensional reduction, the initial lagrangian - a six-dimensional scalar curve - coincides with the lagrangian of the bosonic sector of the Weinberg-Salam model along with a four-dimensional gravitational Lagrangian.

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## Perturbations in the external orbit of the multiple star system ${\xi}$Ursa Major

### A.A. Orlov, N.A. Solovaya

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 84

Perturbations are calculated in the external orbit of the multistar system ${\xi}$Ursa Major using formulas from a theory developed by the authors. A comparison is performed of the changes in the $i_{2}$, $\omega_{2}$, and $\Omega_{2}$ elements calculated using formulas from the theory and deduced by Heintz from observation. The comparison shows that the order of magnitude of these changes in any case is the same, although their numerical values are different. For a more precise comparison of the results, new processing of observations of the ${\xi}$Ursa Major system must be performed, with which the perturbations of the external orbit should be calculated using the authors' formulas.

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## Quasiconventional oscillation modes of certain nonlinear systems of differential equations with delay

### G.N. Medvedev, B.I. Morgunov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 89

Oscillations of links of manipulators are examined. The resulting movements of the manipulators are a superposition of programmed movements and small, rapid oscillations. The delay in the movement equation is taken into consideration. The quasiconventional oscillation modes are investigated using an averaging method.

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## Physical principles for combining images acquired with remote probing

### A.G. Ermolaev, S.V. Kireev, Yu.P. Pyt'ev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 115

The instability of the trajectory and orientation of a satellite when taking a photograph results in the fact that any two images of the same sector of the Earth's surface are recorded from different viewpoints and at different angles. Therefore, in order to process video information recorded at different times, the photographs must be correlated. In this work this correlation is performed on the basis of a physical model of image recording and mathematical methods for morphological analysis of images in an example of the Landsat satellite (USA).

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## A linear theory for a relativistic surface wave generator

### A.M. Afonin, V.A. Vdovin, A.D. Poezd

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 34

The triggering currents and working frequency of a Cerenkov surface wave generator with a relativistic electron stream are identified in a linear approximation. A one-dimensional stream model and a representation of a retarding system in the form of a chain of connected quadrupoles are used. Interaction on the boundary of the band of transparency of the electrodynamic system is examined. The results of the calculations match well with the experimental data.

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## Characteristics of thermooptical excitation of sound in metals

### V.V. Krylov, E.P. Ponomarev, T.V. Shtentsel

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 46

The process of exciting sound in metals with absorption in them of intensity-modulated laser radiation is analyzed. Analytical expressions are given for the amplitudes of thesurface andvolumetric acoustical waves excited by the laser beam. The directivity diagrams of the volumetric waves are identified and their dependence on the beam width is investigated. The acquired results are compared with the experimental data.

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## The spectrum of a noisy diffracting beam: linear and nonlinear propagation

### B.S. Azimov, M.M. Sagatov, O.V. Rudenko

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 52

The evolution of spectra of diffracting beams of high intensity acoustical noise is investigated. A new method is proposed for theoretical description of diffraction which considers the nonlinearity of the propagation process. The dynamics of transformation of the spectra are traced using numerical calculations on a computer.

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## The inverse problem of scattering for a solid in a Born approximation

### V.A. Burov, T.A. Tikhonova

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 57

The inverse problem of scattering of sound in slight heterogeneities in an isotropic elastic medium is examined.

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## A Gunn diode microwave generator stabilized by a dielectric disk resonator

### I.I. Minakova, V.I. Panov, B.G. Simeonova (Bulgaria)

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 97

The results are cited of experimental investigations of the frequency characteristics of a microwave (MW) generator stabilized by a multimode dielectric resonator with modes which have different quality factors. The possibility of even change in the type of frequency curve and selection of stable modes through adjusting the resonating communication line between the generator and the stabilizing resonator is shown.

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Optics and spectroscopy

## Remote measurement of the speed of aerosol streams using a continuous wave СО$_2$-laser

### V.I. Bersenev, V.M. Gordienko, N.N. Kurochkin, A.V. Priezzhev, Yu.Ya. Putivskii

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 41

A laboratory model of an automated Doppler lidar for determining the speeds of aerosol streams is described and the results of laboratory measurements are cited. The performed evaluations show the possibility of using this particular system for measuring wind speed in the atmosphere at distances of several hundred meters.

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Solid state physics

## An investigation of electron-stimulated desorption of neutral molecules from gold and palladium surfaces

### G.G. Fedorov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 63

It is established that electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) of carbon dioxide begins at an energy of bombarding electrons equal to 13 eV and then rises linearly with an increase in the energy of the electrons. A hypothesis is advanced about the mechanism for oxidation of carbon monoxide on the surface of gold and of palladium during ESD.

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## The photoconductivity of relaxation semiconductors with correlational defects

### Yu.P. Drozhzhov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 67

The temperature and lux-ampere characteristics of photoconductivity are calculated. A relation between the parameters of a defect and the energies of activation of photoconductivity is found.

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## The M$\stackrel{..}{o}$ssbauer oxygen parameter of ferrite spinels

### V.I. Nikolaev, V.S. Rusakov, A.M. Shipilin

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 72

Data about the spectral shifts for ferrite-spinels which contain Fе$^{3+}$ ions in both cation sublattices may be used to acquire the values of the oxygen parameter u and its changes caused by different factors. The basis of this method is a formalism from the theory of molecular orbitals which makes it possible to quite precisely calculate the dependence of the contributions to spectral shifts caused by "covalency effects" on the cation to anion distances in the structure of the spinel. A correlation of change in the difference in the shifts of partial spectra and internal reordering of the structure with a preservation of symmetry is established.

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## The effect of compensational disorder on the mobility and Hall factors in high resistance silicon

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 77

The galvanomagnetic properties of undoped n- and p-type silicon with shadow specific resistances of $\rho=1-100$ k$\Omega\cdot$cm are investigated. The dependences of the Hall constant $R$ and the effective "magnetic resistance" $\rho^{\ast}$ on the magnetic field $B$ in a range of $B=0,3\div 22$ kG and on the photomagnetic currents $i_{\text{PM}}$ at $B\leq 15$ kG were measured at SOK. The patterns of admixture bipolarity in the presence of a compensating disorder in the samples are discussed. It is established that the relations $R(B)$ and $\rho^{\ast} (B)$ may serve as indicators of the heterogeneity of this type.

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## Consideration of distortions of a crystalline structure near the surface in the theory of slipping X-ray diffraction

### M.A. Andreeva

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 102

A matrix theory is developed for radiation propagation in a plane-layered medium with slipping X-ray diffraction in conditions of full external reflection (FERXD) for the case of a gradual change in the "degree of amorphization" of the surface layer of a crystal.

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## Certain characteristics of the charged states of oxygen in high resistance gallium arsenide

### V.A. Morozova, V.V. Ostroborodova

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 105

Investigations are performed of the dark and photo-Hall parameters, the optical absorption, and the photoconductivity of gallium arsenide samples doped with oxygen with varying filling of the deep donor (D) level with O electrons. It is explained that in a temperature range of 10-300 K in maximally high resistance GaAs with $\rho=2{\cdot}10^{9}$ $\Omega\cdot$cm there are no noticeable rechargings of the D-level with O, while at 10-50 K neutral scattering dominates in such material. A conclusion is drawn about the concentration and nature of the D-centers. The energy of ionization of the D-level of oxygen is $\varepsilon_{\text{D$\nu$}}\approx$0.76 eV and is not changed with temperature in the range of 10-300 K.

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## The role of In$^{3+}$ ions in the formation of the magneticproperties of ferrite-spinel

### K.P. Belov, A.N. Goryaga, A.I. Kokorev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 109

The temperature relations of magnetization and the magnetocaloric effect of NiInFeO$_{4}$ ferrite are identified and they are compared with the analogous results for the Ni$_{0,2}$Zn$_{0,8}$Fe$_{2}$O$_{4}$ ferrite, in which the magnetic structure has a frustrated character. It is established that the diamagnetic field ions In$^{3+}$ not being magnetic vacancies, participate in indirect exchange interaction; a Neel spin ordering is observed in the investigated ferrite.

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Atomic and nuclear physics

## Exoatmospheric study of the spectrum of nuclei of the iron group in an energy range of 100-1000 GeV/nucleon

### I.P. Ivanenko, N.L. Grigorov, Yu.V. Basina, P.V. Vakulov, Yu.Ya. Vasil'ev, R.M. Golynskaya, L.B. Grigor'eva, D.A. Zhuravlev, V.I. Zatsepin, D.I. Il'ichev, A.K. Kazakova, V.D. Kozlov, I.P. Kumpan, Yu.A. Laputin, L.G. Mishchenko, V.M. Nikanorov, L.P. Papina, V.V. Platonov, D.M. Podorozhnyi, I.D. Rapoport, G.A. Samsonov, L.G. Smolenskii, V.A. Sobinyakov, V.K. Sokolov, G.E. Tambovtsev, Ch.A. Tret'yakova, Yu.V. Trigubov, I.M. Fateeva, L.A. Khein, L.O. Chikova, V.Ya. Shestoperov, V.Ya. Shiryaeva, B.M. Yakovlev, I.V. Yashin

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 93

An installation consisting of an ionization calorimeter and two Cerenkov charge detectors was irradiated on a satellite. Data about the spectrum of nuclei of the iron group in an energy range of $10^{12}-10^{14}$ eV are acquired.

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Geophysics

## Transformation of low frequency internal waves over medium scale underwater obstacles

### M.B. Timonov, N.K. Shelkovnikov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 1986. 41. N 6. P. 113

A perturbation method is used to find approximate analytical solution to the problem about transformation of a low frequency internal wave in a two-layer rotating liquid over a localized underwater obstacle of a mesoscale length. It is shown that the perturbation of a wave in the upper layer is proportional to its relative thickness and for actual oceanic stratification in the presence of the seasonal pycnocline is insignificant even for obstacles whose height is comparable with the thickness of the lower layer.

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