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Issue 2, 2004

Theoretical and mathematical physics

Equation of motion for a charged brownian particle with the radiation-reaction term

Equation of motion for a charged brownian particle with the radiation-reaction term

Al.A. Vlasov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 1

The equation of motion for the center of mass of a Brownian- "smeared" charged nonquantum particle is obtained. It is shown that the solutions to this equation physically correctly describe the effects of radiation reaction for a nonrelativistic moving body of finite size.

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Quantization of lorentz-invariant systems in terms of bogolyubov group variables. II: Construction of perturbation theory

Quantization of lorentz-invariant systems in terms of bogolyubov group variables. II: Construction of perturbation theory

S.Yu. Vernov, O.A. Khrustalev, M.V. Chichikina

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 5

For $(3+1)$-dimensional systems invariant under transformations that form a Poincare group, the Bogolyubov group variables are defined. This makes it possible to carry out quantization near a time-dependent classical scalar field. The constants of motion and the field operators are found to within the zeroth order in reciprocal powers of the coupling constant.

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conserved currents in D-dimensional gravity and cosmology with branes

conserved currents in D-dimensional gravity and cosmology with branes

A.N. Petrov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 11

Using a standard procedure, conserved currents are constructed in curved backgrounds in $D$-dimensional gravity in the form of divergences of antisymmetric tensor densities (superpotentials). The latter feature two properties: they substantially depend on second derivatives in the Lagrangian of the theory and they do not depend on divergences added*. In particular, these conserved currents and superpotentials are constructed for perturbations in the cosmological models with branes for the Gauss-Bonnet Lagrangian.

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Еrapped modes in an electromagnetic waveguide with an obstacle

Еrapped modes in an electromagnetic waveguide with an obstacle

A.N. Bogolyubov, A.L. Delitsyn, A.E. Lokshtanova

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 16

The spectral problem for the system of Maxwell equations in an infinite hollow cylindrical waveguide with a local obstacle is considered. In the case where the medium's parameters in the obstacle depend only on the longitudinal coordinate, the existence of an infinite sequence of trapped modes is shown.

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Model kinetics of erythrocyte hemolysis under the action of an electron beam and a pulsed electric field

Model kinetics of erythrocyte hemolysis under the action of an electron beam and a pulsed electric field

E.K. Kozlova, A.P. Chernyaev, A.M. Chernysh, U.A. Bliznyuk, P.Yu. Alekseeva

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 20

A mathematical description of the change in the number of erythrocytes caused by various factors such as an electron beam, a pulsed electric field, and also their combination is presented. The model allows for the specific feature of the kinetic curves typical of the combined action of dissimilar factors. The theoretical relationships obtained agree well with the available experimental data.

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Generation of lorentz and cpt noninvariant radiative corrections in an extended qed model

Generation of lorentz and cpt noninvariant radiative corrections in an extended qed model

V.Ch. Zhukovskii, A.S. Razumovskii

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 26

In the framework of a (3+l)-dimensional extended model of QED at finite temperature and in the presence of a weak (as compared to the fermion mass) constant homogeneous chromomagnetic field, the one-loop radiative corrections to the Chern—Simons topological term are studied.

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Atomic and nuclear physics

Transmutation track formation on $^{120,122,124}$Sn isotopes exposed to high-intensity $\gamma$-quanta beams

Transmutation track formation on $^{120,122,124}$Sn isotopes exposed to high-intensity $\gamma$-quanta beams

B.S. Ishkhanov, S.I. Pavlov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 31

Transmutation of atomic nuclei under the influence of high-intensity $\gamma$-quanta beams leads to formation of chemical elements with the charge $Z$ and mass number A differing from those of the initial irradiated isotope. A new concept of a transmutation track is introduced, which is the time evolution of the distribution density in $A$ and $Z$ of the number of nuclei produced during transmutation. The transmutation track makes it possible to clearly demonstrate the transmutation process in its dynamics and to reveal general trends and global behavior of a transmutation chain.

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Waveguide enhancement of spin-flip scattering in reflection of polarized neutrons from the "soft-magnetic/hard-magnetic" layered structure

Waveguide enhancement of spin-flip scattering in reflection of polarized neutrons from the "soft-magnetic/hard-magnetic" layered structure

Yu.N. Khaidukov, M.A. Andreeva

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 36

Reflection of polarized neutrons from a multilayer film, including layers of soft and hard magnetics and characterized by spiral variation of the magnetization vector in the soft-magnetic layer is studied. It is demonstrated that information on the depth variation of the magnetization vector direction in the soft-magnetic layer can be obtained using waveguide enhancement of the neutron flux in the layer.

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Radiophysics

Simultaneous suppression of water and fat signals in magnetic resonance tomography experiments

Simultaneous suppression of water and fat signals in magnetic resonance tomography experiments

N.V. Anisimov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 43

Calculations for an inversion-recovery pulse sequence intended for simultaneous suppression of water and fat signals in experiments of magnetic resonance tomography are presented. The effectiveness of the technique is illustrated by three-dimensional visualization of pathological intracranial growths.

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Solid state physics

Influence of the thermoelectret effect on discharge of a dielectric exposed to electron beam

Influence of the thermoelectret effect on discharge of a dielectric exposed to electron beam

N.N. Negulyaev$^1$, S.I. Zaitsev$^2$, E.A. Grachev$^1$

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 48

Considering the thermoelectret effect, the process of depolarization of a thin dielectric film exposed to electron beam has been studied. It is established that this effect increases the rate of decay of the potential on the target surface and the time of charge relaxation in the sample's bulk. It is shown that the thermoelectret effect can be used in indirect measurements of the electron-beam resist temperature in electron-beam lithography.

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Quasilocal nature of the effect of the magnetic nonuniformity field on the strip domain structure

Quasilocal nature of the effect of the magnetic nonuniformity field on the strip domain structure

M.L. Akimov, P.A. Polyakov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 53

The phenomenon of domain magnetic screening of specimens in the external and internal magnetostatic fields has been detected. The effectiveness of domain screening by a strip domain structure in a film of the magnetostatic field of a cylindrically shaped nonuniformity is studied.

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Points of magnetic moment compensation in the Yb(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_2$ pseudobinary system

Points of magnetic moment compensation in the Yb(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_2$ pseudobinary system

A.S. Ilyushin$^1$, I.A. Nikanorova$^1$, A.V. Tsvyashchenko$^2$, A.S. Vinogradova$^1$, M.V. Fomicheva$^1$, I.V. Spazhakin$^1$

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 58

As a result of studies of the magnetic properties of alloys belonging to the Yb(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_2$ pseudobinary system it is found that for compositions with $0\le x\le0.4$, the magnetization temperature dependences have compensation points whose position on the temperature scale is a nonmonotonic function of the alloy composition. It is also shown that the simple two-sublattice model can be used in interpreting the magnetic properties of only the intermetallic compound YbFe$_2$ and the pseudobinary alloys Yb(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_2$ with low Mn concentration ($x\sim0.1$). At higher Mn concentrations, the simple ferrimagnetic model proves to be unsuitable for interpreting the experimental data.

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Effect of multi-component inorganic impurity K$_4$[Ru$_2$Cl$_{10}$O] on phase transition and dielectric properties of KDP crystal

Effect of multi-component inorganic impurity K$_4$[Ru$_2$Cl$_{10}$O] on phase transition and dielectric properties of KDP crystal

S.V. Grabovskii$^1$, I.V. Shnaidshtein$^1$, B.A. Strukov$^1$, S.-H. Jang$^2$, B. Kahr$^2$

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 63

Data have been obtained on the effect the addition of complex inorganic molecules K$_4$[Ru$_2$Cl$_{10}$O] produces on the dielectric properties and phase transition in KH$_2$PO$_4$ crystals (KDP). It is shown that selective penetration of the impurity in the prismatic growth sector {010} of the crystal causes a significant suppression of the domain contribution to the permittivity of this sector. The dielectric properties of the pyramidal sector {101} are virtually identical to the properties of a pure crystal. Measurements in the vicinity of the phase transition temperature have shown that the peak of $\varepsilon_c$ in an impurity-containing sector is shifted for 0.35 К to lower temperatures compared to a pure crystal.

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Geophysics

Possibility to reconstruct the ionosphere E and D regions using ray radio tomography

Possibility to reconstruct the ionosphere E and D regions using ray radio tomography

E.S. Andreeva

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 67

The possibility to reconstruct the structure of the ionosphere $E$ and $D$ regions by the ray radio tomography method is analyzed. Relative contributions of the $E$ and $D$ regions to the experimental data are estimated. They show that it is virtually impossible to reconstruct the $D$ region. By numerical modeling examples and the data of the radio tomography experiment conducted in South East Asia, the possibility to reconstruct the $E$ region of the ionosphere is demonstrated.

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Atomic and nuclear physics

Polarization bremsstrahlung as a means of diagnosing the fullerene structure

Polarization bremsstrahlung as a means of diagnosing the fullerene structure

V.K. Grishin

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 76

The properties of polarization bremsstrahlung (PB) generated by the interaction of high-energy charges and atomic electrons are studied using fullerenes. It is found that in this case PB exhibits some characteristic features (intensity oscillations at high-frequencies and a sharp increase in intensity at low frequencies) that make it possible to identify fullerenes.

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Solid state physics

Quantitative phase analysis in studies of the $\beta$-solid solution decomposition in some Ti- and Zr-based alloys

Quantitative phase analysis in studies of the $\beta$-solid solution decomposition in some Ti- and Zr-based alloys

E.A. Rykova, A.G. Khundzhua

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2004. 59. N 2. P. 80

Provided that the decomposition process follows the continuous path, quantitative phase analysis of Ti- and Zr-based alloys, that decompose according to the scheme $\beta_{\bf met}\to\beta+\alpha$, is shown to be possible. The accuracy of determining the concentration of the $\beta$-solid solution and the amount of the equilibrium $\alpha$-phase produced in the decomposition process are estimated.

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