Faculty of Physics
M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University
Theoretical and mathematical physics

## Eigenwaves in a two-component system of particles with nonzero magnetic moments

### P.A. Andreev, L.S. Kuz’menkov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 271

Two-component systems of particles with nonzero intrinsic magnetic moments are shown to support not only the transverse electromagnetic and longitudinal waves, but also self-consistent spin waves and waves that propagate independently in each component and degenerate into oscillations for spin-zero systems. For all types of waves, the dispersion relations are obtained by solving the quantum hydrodynamics equations and field equations in linear approximation.

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## CPT and Lorentz invariance violation in hydrogen-like atoms

### V.Ch. Zhukovskii, O.G. Kharlanov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 277

We analyze an approximate solution to the Dirac equation for an electron in a central potential, in particular, in a Coulomb potential, when Lorentz invariance is violated. A quasi-relativistic approximation for the Dirac equation in an external field has been derived. The directivity pattern of spontaneous emission for a polarized hydrogen atom has been found to be asymmetric.

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Atomic and nuclear physics

## Hyperfine structure of a hydrogen-like atom due to orbit-orbit, spin-orbit, and spin-spin interactions

### I.E. Abramov, A.V. Andreev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 283

A nonrelativistic model of a hydrogen-like atom is considered. This model is used to calculate corrections to the energy spectrum of the atom. The analysis is based on a Hamiltonian that includes the intratomic fields generated by the electron and the nucleus.

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## Angular correlation of the cascade photons in the course of dielectronic recombination of channeled ions

### V.V. Balashov, A.V. Stysin

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 287

A method based on density matrix tools is proposed for description of the angular correlation of photons in the course of dielectronic recombination of fast ions upon their channeling in oriented crystals. Theoretical calculations are carried out to estimate the size of the effect produced by the interaction between the electron shell of the passing ion and the electrostatic field of the lattice on the shape of the angular correlation using various conditions for setting up the correlation experiment.

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Optics and spectroscopy

## Analytical properties of the spectral characteristics of antireflection coatings

### T.V. Amochkina

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 292

The spectral dependences of the coefficients of multilayer antireflection optical coatings are analyzed. The results can be used in research directed toward determining the lower limit of residual reflection.

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Geophysics

## Magnetic and petrochemical properties of rocks from the Red Sea rift zone

### V.I. Trukhin, V.I. Maksimochkin, V.A. Zhilyaeva, A.A. Shreider, T.L. Kashintsev

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 296

The magnetic and petrochemical properties of basalts dredged from the rift zone at the southern part of the Red Sea at approximately 18° N are studied. The conditions of their formation and evolution are elucidated. The formation of basalts is found to occur in two stages differing in their magma supply rates and redox conditions. Special features of magnetic behavior and the anomalous geomagnetic field in the region were used to determine the sites where the rocks had experienced strong thermodynamic effects (tectonic strain, deformation, heating, etc.). The conditions in which natural remanent magnetization of the basalts was formed are estimated.

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## Comparative analysis of magnetic properties of the basalts collected in the Red Sea and other rift zones

### E.S. Kurochkina

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 303

The magnetic properties of basalts collected from the young rift zone of the Red Sea are studied in detail. Special features revealed in the magnetic behavior of the samples testify to a complex character of the evolution of the Red Sea rift zone. The magnetic characteristics of basalts from the Red Sea rift zone and other rift zones are compared. The reasons for high values of the natural remanent magnetization $I_n$ and Königsberger factor $Q_n$ obtained for the Red Sea basalts are clarified.

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Astronomy

## Influence of cosmic dust on the Earth’s cloudiness, albedo, and climate

### V.I. Ermakov$^1$, V.P. Okhlopkov$^2$, Yu.I. Stozhkov$^3$

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 308

The influence of dust coming from space into the Earth’s atmosphere on cloudiness, albedo, and climate is discussed. It is shown that the climate changes that have occurred recently and in the distant past could be associated with this dust. A cooling of the Earth’s climate in the first half of the 21st century is predicted. This prediction is based on a spectral analysis of temperature data from a global network of weather stations for 1880–2006 using information about the motions of planets that control the entry of dust from space into the Earth’s atmosphere.

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Theoretical and mathematical physics

## Theoretical consideration of the phase behavior of polydisperse block copolymers

### S.I. Kuchanov, K.V. Tarasevich

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 313

Qualitatively new types of the phase behavior of a binary polydisperse multiblock copolymer melt are revealed. For the first time, the amplitudes and periods of its mesophases are calculated.

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Atomic and nuclear physics

## Multineutron photonuclear reactions on the $^{197}$Au isotope

### A.N. Ermakov$^{1,2}$, B.S. Ishkhanov$^{1,2}$, I.M. Kapitonov$^{1,2}$, Kyaw Kyaw Htun$^{1,2}$, I.V. Makarenko$^{1,2}$

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 316

An experiment on irradiation of the $^{197}$Au isotope by a beam of bremsstrahlung $\gamma$-rays of maximum energy $E_{\gamma}^{m}=70$ MeV has been carried out at the RTM-70 race-track microtron of the INP MSU. Residual activity spectra of the irradiated sample were measured. Multiparticle photonuclear reactions on the $^{197}$Au nucleus are observed. Photonuclear reactions with emission of as many as six neutrons are observed for the first time.

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## Searching for preferential arrival directions of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays on the Moscow State University EAS array

### N.N. Kalmykov, G.V. Kulikov, Aleksei A. Silaev, A.A. Silaev, V.P. Sulakov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 320

There is evidence for possible clustering in the arrival directions of extensive air showers (EASs). A program for analyzing EAS arrival directions has been developed to investigate this problem and the database of the Moscow State University EAS array for 1982–1989 has been analyzed. The distributions in equatorial coordinates have been derived for cosmic rays with energies $E\ge2\cdot10^{15}$ eV and zenith angles <40°. The uniformity of the derived distributions is verified using various statistical tests.

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Optics and spectroscopy

## Edge diffraction of a Laguerre light beam

### Yu.V. Vasil’ev, A.V. Kozar’, A.E. Luk’yanov, A.V. Seliverstov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 324

The phenomenon of transverse diffusion of ray amplitude along two principal orthogonal directions on the cylindrical surface of a diffracted boundary wave is observed in the diffraction of a Laguerre laser beam by the straight sharp edge of a planar safety-razor blade.

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## Parameters of transverse-longitudinal discharge in supersonic airflow

### A.F. Aleksandrov, A.P. Ershov, E.B. Kolesnikov, A.A. Logunov, V.A. Chernikov, V.M. Shibkov

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 326

Plasma of transverse-longitudinal direct-current discharge in a supersonic aerodynamic channel with a reverse step is studied experimentally. For deposited powers of 2–3 kW, the gas temperature in the discharge achieves 2000 ± 500 K. The results obtained testify to the applicability of discharge plasma for the ignition of supersonic air-fuel flows.

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## Surface microwave discharge at high air pressures

### L.V. Shibkova

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 329

Microwave discharge on the surface of a quartz antenna at high air pressures is investigated. It is shown that the discharge formation is accompanied by the excitation of shock waves and that the longitudinal velocity of the discharge propagation reaches several kilometers per second. Owing to these circumstances, discharge of this type discharge may find applications in supersonic aerodynamics.

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Geophysics

## A laboratory model of a spring thermal bar

### D.A. Solov’ev, N.S. Blokhina, A.E. Ordanovich

Moscow University Physics Bulletin 2007. 62. N 5. P. 332

A laboratory setup for thermal bar phenomenon simulation is developed and mechanisms behind the thermal bar formation and evolution are experimentally studied. The results of the model experiments are compared with the data from natural observations, and the principal feasibility of laboratory simulation of thermal bar observed in natural water basins is demonstrated.

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